Dental Admissions Test (DAT) Practice Test

Vitamin C is essential for synthesizing collagen in connective tissues because it acts as a cofactor for the enzymes prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase, which are crucial for the post-translational modification of collagen. These modifications are necessary for stabilizing the collagen triple helix structure, which is vital for the integrity and strength of connective tissues such as skin, cartilage, and tendons. Without sufficient vitamin C, the body cannot properly form collagen, leading to weakened connective tissue and conditions such as scurvy, where symptoms include poor wound healing, joint pain, and other issues related to connective tissue degradation.

In contrast, vitamins A, B, and D serve different functions in the body. Vitamin A is important for vision and immune function; the B vitamins are a group that support energy metabolism and neurological function; and vitamin D is crucial for calcium absorption and bone health. None of these vitamins play a direct role in collagen synthesis. Thus, vitamin C stands out as the essential nutrient for this specific function.